Colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD), Aerosil, is widely utilized in oral and topical pharmaceutical products.CSD may be divided into 2 types: hydrophilic and hydrophobic by the groups on its surface. The groups on the surface of various particles of CSD may react via chemicals bond with each other to form connecting bridges led to the immobilization of a Gel are often used as delivery systems for topical administration. You would possibly have seen it on a label or two and puzzled what it’s a specialty is actually.
Silicon dioxide (SiO2), also known as silica, is made of two of the earth’s most abundant materials: silicon (Si) and Oxygen (O2). It is found in nature as sand or quartz. It occurs naturally in the earth’s crust and is most often recognized in the form of quartz. It’s found naturally in water, plants, animals, and the earth.
Even it is also found naturally in the tissues of the human body. Though it’s unclear what role it plays, even though it is to be an essential nutrient our bodies need.
59% of the earth’s crust is silica. It makes up more than 95 percent of known rocks on the planet. When you sit on a beach, it’s silicon dioxide in the form of sand that gets between your toes.
Silicon (Si) is a naturally occurring element in the periodic table which is nontoxic and can be used in pharmaceutical field industries. Moreover, next to oxygen, it’s the second most abundant element within the earth’s crust.
What is Colloidal silicon dioxide?
Colloidal silicon dioxide (SiO2) is actually a typically used protective material product. Additionally referred to as colloidal silica, Since silicon is therefore plentiful in abundance and versatile, manufacturers in various industries conjointly find out several applications for the Colloidal Silicon. This agent finds itself into various foods and drug merchandise/products. However, its uses are not only restricted to food and drug pharmaceutical fields.
Scientifically, colloidal silicon dioxide (SiO2) may be fumed silica synthesized by the hydrolysis of silica compounds. In straightforward terms, it is a fine form of silicon that will be equally dispersed.
Application of Colloidal Silicon dioxide
Medicinal Uses
Since colloidal silicon dioxide (SiO2) is inert and doesn’t dissolve in water, it’s commonly used as a coating for medicinal pills and dietary supplements. Medical-grade colloidal silica recognized with the trade name “Aerosil.”
In the pharmaceutical industry, silicon dioxide (also known as colloidal silicon dioxide) has numerous uses in tablet-forming: such as an anti-caking agent, adsorbent, disintegrant, or glidant to permit powder to flow without restraint when tablets are processed. These compounds come into sight to be biologically inert. Silicon dioxide is commonly recognized as safe by the FDA
Food Additive and Supplements
Silicon dioxide is bringing into being naturally occurring parts in many plants, such as:
- Leafy green vegetables
- Bell peppers
- Oats
- Beets brown rice
- Alfalfa
Silicon dioxide(SiO2) is added to various food and supplements. This is often because of its ability to act as a free-flowing agent. It’s found in salt, seasoning salt, and sodium hydrogen carbonate (baking soda).It is also found in spices, meat curing powders and plenty of different food products requiring associating with the anticaking agent
As a food additive, it used as an anticaking agent to avoid clumping. In supplements, it’s added to prevent the many powdered ingredients from sticking collectively.
As with many food additives, customers often have concerns about silicon dioxide as an additive. However, several studies put forward that there is no cause for these concerns.
Other Uses
Colloidal silicon dioxide may also be utilized as a thickening agent in industrial settings, as with dyes, paint, some cosmetics, and shampoos. It identified under the trade name “Cab-o-Sil” when utilized as an industrial thickening agent.
It is a fact that silicon dioxide(SiO2) is present in plants and drinking water and suggested as it’s safe. A series of research studies has revealed that the silica we consume through our diets doesn’t build up in our bodies. in its place, it’s flushed out by our kidneys.
On the other hand, the progressive, often chronic inhalation of silica dust can cause fatal lung disease silicosis. This disclosure and disease primarily symptoms among person who work in:
- mining
- quarrying
- construction
- sandblasting
- the steel industry
What does the research Explore
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has also acknowledged silicon dioxide as a safe food additive. In 2018, the European Food Safety Authority requested the European Union to impose stricter strategy guidelines on silicon dioxide until further research discovers and investigate the concern varied about. Their concerns purposeful focus on the nano-sized particles (some of them were less significant than 100 nm).
Previously guidelines followed a 1974 paper prepared in association with the World Health Organization. This paper establishes the only negative health possessions associated with silicon dioxide have been caused by silicon deficiency. More in-progress research may possibly be changing the course of action and recommendations.
What are the safe limits
As the research studies so far recommended there aren’t severe risks linked with the ingestion of silicon dioxide. Accordingly, the FDA has set upper limits on its consumption: Silicon dioxide shouldn’t go over 2 percent of a food’s total weight. This is principal because amounts higher than these set limits haven’t been adequately studied and have sufficient pieces of evidence.
The Carry Forward: Research
Silicon dioxide founds naturally within the earth and living being’s bodies. There isn’t so far evidence to suggest that it is dangerous to ingest as a food additive, but additional investigation and research is required on what role it plays in the body. Chronic inhalation of silica dust can cause lung disease.
People who have severe allergy have a vested interest in knowing what additives are in the foodstuff they are going to eat. But even if you don’t have such allergies, then it is also better to be careful with food additives. And even inconsequential changes in levels of minerals can have a reflective effect on healthy performance. A superior approach is to consume whole foods and acquire healthy levels of silicon dioxide.
What is the Effect of Colloidal Silicon Dioxide on the Properties of Building Ceramics?
As a result of the studies, it has been found that 0.3% of colloidal silicon dioxide additive is optimal for ceramic stone with a thinning agent. At that, the strength increases by 70.8% as compared to the control composition without supplements. The application of the colloidal silicon dioxide alone without thinning sand additive results in the increase in strength of ceramic stone by 59.4% compared to the control composition. To obtain the maximum strength, the optimal amount of colloidal silicon dioxide in the composition of ceramic stone without a sand thinning additive is 0.2%
Hydrophobic Colloidal Silicon Dioxide Application in Network Formation
Colloidal silicon dioxide may be a fine amorphous powder having particles concerning 7-40 nm in size. This study utilized hydrophobic colloidal silicon dioxide, aerosil R 972, as a gelling agent in non-aqueous systems. Aerosil R 972 might convert light oil and Luvitol EHO® into a gel at concentrations of seven and 10% by weight, respectively. the looks of the systems formed from synthetic resin glycol 400, 600, and light-weight oil were clear, however, the others were opaque.
There was no part separation or color changes of the systems after a temperature change of half-dozen cycles. The obtained gel exhibited little alteration of pH and viscosity after stability testing. R 972 is that the hydrophobic form of colloidal silicon dioxide. The silanol class on the surface of Aerosil R 972 were with chemicals changed with
dimethyldichlorosilane. Therefore, it’s hydrophobic and difficult to be wet with high polar dispersing media i.e. water, sorbitol, and glycerin. Generally, the nonpolar surfaces of aerosil R 972 might need a possibility to make connecting bridges in polar dispersing media, however, the failure in gel formation was found in rather high polar dispersing media like PG, that may well be incorporated with aerosil R 972. each nonpolar (dimethyldichloro) and polar (residual silanol) elements on aerosil R 972 surface will exhibit either polar or nonpolar characteristics.
Looking at the extent of the not matching between the particle surface and liquid, the nonpolar dimethyldichloro groups would tend to cluster along within extremely polar dispersing media On the opposite hand, the polar silanol would tend to associate in nonpolar dispersing media.
During this study, lightweight oil and Luvitol EHO® might need some appropriate properties that may well be converted into the gel with aerosil R 972. as a result of the obtained viscous surroundings, this system may well be utilized because the main of the device for retardation or prolongation of active compounds liberation. Conclusion Network formation inducement of the gel formation of aerosol R972 was evident when the dispersing phase was lightweight oil or Luvitol EHO. PEG 400–glycerin was conjointly the dispersing vehicle that aerosol R972 might convert into a high viscous system. The obtained gelling systems may well be applied as anhydrous drug delivery system for controlled the active compounds release.
Synthesis of Non-aqueous Virgin Coconut Oil Hair Gel
Nowadays, virgin coconut oil (VCO) is getting hold of wide popularity in the technical field and among the community. It is supposed that VCO is more valuable than generally obtained copra oil since the mode of extraction contains more biologically active components for example vitamin E and polyphenols.
The existing up-and-coming major application of VCO are as: a hair and skin conditioner; an oil base for various cosmetic and skincare products; a carrier oil for aromatherapy and massage oils; a nutraceutical and also useful food.
A research study by T. Phaechamud et. all, the non-aqueous hair gel was organized by dispersing hydrophilic colloidal silicon dioxide(CSD) (Aerosil 200) or hydrophobic colloidal silicon dioxide(CSD) (Aerosil R 972) into hydrophobic dispersing media (VCO) and this study was to conclude the consequence of Aerosil type on physical properties of hair setting gel
Colloidal Silicon Dioxide Aerosil 200 and Aerosil R 972 Effects on VCO
Non-aqueous Virgin Coconut Oil(VCO) hair setting gel was prepared by utilizing CSD as a gelling agent. The viscosity of the developed gel was improved as the amount of Aerosil 200 and Aerosil R 972 were increased because of the network formation of both types of colloidal silicon dioxide(CSD) particles leading to the immobilization of the solvents. From the pleased valuation test, the prepared non-aqueous VCO gel could be used as a hair setting gel.
References:
https://sciencing.com/citric-acid-powder-uses-6574856.html
https://www.scientific.net/paper-keyword/colloidal-silicon-dioxide